... no / any / ضماير ملکي

نكته
No , Any
No
در جملاتي بكار مي رود كه در آنها
Not , Never
وجود نداشته باشد
Any
در جملاتي بكار مي رود كه در آنها
Not , Never
وجود داشته باشد
توجه
بعد از
No , Any
هم اسم قابل شمارش جمع قرار مي گيرد وهم اسم غير قابل شمارش مفرد

1) There is …paper on the desk.
a) any
b) few
c) many
d)no

2) There aren’t…students in the classroom.
a) no
b) any
c) some
d) much

3) A: “Did anybody telephone me in the morning?
B: “No , ….telephoned you in the morning.”
a) everybody
b) somebody
c) any body
d) nobody

4)John wanted to buy a new car but he didn’t have …….money.
a) any
b) no
c) some
d) many

نكته
ضماير ملكي
possessive Adjective
ضماير ملكي عبارتند از
Mine---> ours
Yours---> yours
His , Hers , Its ---> theirs
اين ضماير در جمله جانشين اسم+صفت ملكي مي شود وبعد از ضماير ملكي اسم قرار نمي گيرد.

1) when you telephoned, I was talking to a friend of ….....
a ) I
b) myself
c) me
d) mine

2) My car is blue , but ..… is not.
a) your
b) yours
c) you
d) yourself

3) A: “ Are these your pens?”
B: “ No,…..are blue.”

a) our
b) us
c) we
d) ours

4) A:“Is this your brother’s umbrella?”
B: “ No,…..is on the table.”
a) my
b) mine
c) him
d) his

نكته
ضماير مفعولي
objective pronouns
بعد از فعل از ضماير مفعولي اشتفاده مي كنيم و عبارتند از
Me---> us
You---> us
Him , her , it ---> them

1) Mary and her sister are my best friends.I respect……..very much.
a) they
b) themselves
c) theirs
d) them

2) Our grandfather told John and..… an interesting story.
a) I
b) me
c) myself
d) mine

3)The man charged…five dollars.
a) I
b) mine
c) myself
d) me
4)He wished…..a pleasant journey.
a) we
b) us
c) our
d) ourselves

نكته
« كاربرد ضمير مفعولي بعد از حرف اضافه »
نكتــــه
بعد از حرف اضافه از ضمير مفعولي استفاده مي كنيم.

1)It is cold . Take your coat with yourself.
كدام گزينه از نظر دستوري اشتباه است
a) It
b) Take
c) with
d) yourself

2) I took my brother out with…. to do some shopping.
a) I
b) me
c) mine
d) myself

3) He doesn’t go near dogs because he is afraid………….
a) of they
b) to them
c) of them
d) them to
4) “What was the film like?” “It was amusing for………..to watch that film.”
a) I
b) me
c) my
d) mine

نكته
حرف تعريف معين
The
قبل از قسمتي از روز از حرف تعريف
The
استفاده مي كنيم.
In the morning , in the evening , in the afternoon
قبل از صفات كلكي و با روزهاي هفته حرف تعريف
The
استفاده نمي كنيم.
On monday

1) Our grandfather often says his prayers early in… morning.
a) a
b) an
c) ___
d) the

2) My mother will meet….…my English teacher on… Monday.
a) _ / _
b) the / the
c) _ / the
d) the / _

3) They arrived in Tehran in…… afternoon.
a) __
b) the
c) a
d) an

4) They haven’t seen each other since……..March.
a) the
b) a
c) ___
d) an

نكته
حرف تعريف
The
بــا اسامي اشخاص و كشورها و همچنين ماههــاي نمي‌آيد.theسال وفصول و روزهاي هفته حرف تعريف

1) They haven’t seen each other since …. March.
a) the
b) a
c) an
d) __

2) I have come to see……..Jack and his family.
a) a
b) __
c) the
d) an

3) They arrived in ……Tehran in the morning.
a) the
b) a
c) an
d) __

4) Which sentence is grammatically wrong ?
a) I didn’t listen to the news last night.
b) we get heat from the sun.
c)I have come here to see the Mary.
d) write this sentence on the blackboard.

نكته
ساختار صفت بعد از فعل
To be
به ساختار زير توجه كنيد

1) A: “What was the film like?” B: “It was boring to me to watch that film.
كدام گزينه از نظر دستوري غلط است.
a) was
b) like
c) to
d) to watch

2) Is it possible ……. to read a book in a dark room?
a) for he
b) to him
c) for him
d) to he

3) It is not difficult for a good student………..good marks.
a) get
b) to get
c) getting
d) got

4) Which sentence is grammatically right ?
a) It is easy for he to find a job.
b) It is important be on time.
c) It is necessary for him to stand in line.
d) It is safe to him swimming in this river.

نكته
زمان حال ساده
simple present Tense
زمان حال ساده براي بيان عملي است كه بصورت تكرار و يا عادت انجام مي شود. و وجود قيود تكرار ميتواند يكي از نشانه هاي اين زمان باشد :
…,usually , always , generally

1) How much ..….you generally pay for a pair of shoes?
a) do
b) does
c) was
d) were

2)we…ten new words everyday.
a) learns
b) learned
c) learn
d) to learn

3)He….to Washington once a week.
a) drives
b) driving
c) drove
d) driven

4) Water…………at 100 C
a) boil
b) is boiling
c) boils
d) to boil

نكته
زمان حال استمراري
Present continuous Tense
زمان حال استمراري براي بيان عملي است كه هم اكنون و در حال حاضر در حال انجام ميباشد. وجود قيود زماني
at this moment - at present- now
ميتواند نشانه اين زمان باشد.

1) At present they.….many new highways in Tehran.
a) build
b) built
c) are building
d) to build

2) He....pepper on his egg now.
a) puts
b) has put
c) put
d) is putting

3) I see that you..…….your new suit now.
a) wear
b) are wearing
c) wears
d) wore

4) The weather …..…better and better.
a) got
b) gets
c) is getting
d) get

نكته
«وجود كلمات هشدار دهنده درجمله حال استمراري»
اگر جملــه اي با يكي از كلمــات هشـدار دهنــــده
warning words
شروع شده باشد آن جمله را با حال استمراري مي نويسيم.
كلمات عبارتند از
Look! , be quiet! , listen! , becare ful!

1) Be quiet ! The baby ……….
a) is sleeping
b) sleeps
c) had slept
d) sleep

2) Look ! The man……..after the tram.
a) runs
b) has run
c) run
d) is running

3) Look ! The cat……….to climb that tall tree.
a) try
b) tries
c) is trying
d) to try
4) Listen! Some one………at the door.
a) is knocking
b) knock
c) knocks
d) to knock

نكته
ماضي نقلي
Present perfect Tense
اين زمــان براي بيان عملي است كه در وقت نامشخص در گذشته آغاز شده است. و اثر آن تا زمان حال باقيست.

1) He is tired because he……… football all afternoon.
a) have played
b) has played
c) had played
d) played

2) John is unhappy because he ..… his money.
a) lost
b) have lost
c) has lost
d) lose

3) She …..here since 1948.
a) worked
b) have worked
c) has worked
d) was working

4) I ………in Greece since 1976.
a) have lived
b) lived
c) has lived
d) was living

نكته
وجود قيود زماني در ماضي نقلي
Several times , yet , so far , up to now

1) I ……to him about it several times.
a) have spoken
b) am speaking
c) speak
d) spoke

2) She ……...English for 8 years.
a) studied
b) have studied
c) has studied
d) studying

3) we ………..17 lessons so far.
a) have learned
b) has learned
c) learned
d) were learning

4) Majid………………yet.
a) didn’t come
b) haven’t come
c) hasn’t come
d) wasn’t coming